![]() Furthermore, childhood trauma and chronotype are also considered important predictors of suicide attempts for those with severe depressive symptoms. Many studies have suggested that being female, having a younger age, living in an urban residence, having poor family cohesion, having a poor relationship with parents, and experiencing insomnia are all common risk factors for suicide attempts. Therefore, it is crucial to pay attention to suicide attempts among emerging adults with severe depressive symptoms and identify specific risk factors to prevent death by suicide. Another study in China showed that 19.5% of those with severe depressive symptoms had previously attempted suicide. A US study reported that 22.5% of emerging adults suffering from depression had attempted suicide in 6 months before being hospitalized for mental health problems. Suicide attempt, referring to a form of self-harm with the intention of dying, is the most powerful predictor of death by suicide (Hill et al., 2020), and is common among adults with severe depressive symptoms. According to a mental health surveillance report, about 8% of emerging adults with severe depressive symptoms died by suicide. Worryingly, suicide rates are higher among emerging adults with severe depressive symptoms. A meta-analysis including studies from multiple countries suggested that about 34% of emerging adults suffered from depressive symptoms, and approximately 6.6% of emerging adults in China suffered from severe depressive symptoms, compared with 8% in Turkey and 13% in Australia. This is also true in emerging adults, where depression rates have risen over the past few years, which has resulted in a social concern for this group because of the importance of the developmental period for cognitive and emotional processing. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the rate of depression increased by over 25% during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (World Health Organization, 2022). The findings provided a clinical reference to quickly identify those at high risk of suicide attempts among emerging adults with severe depressive symptoms.ĭepression is the second leading cause of chronic disability globally, and has been identified as an increasingly concerning public health problem. ConclusionĮmerging adults suffering sexual, emotional, and physical abuse at the same time and identifying with chaotic chronotype showed a higher risk of attempting suicide. Overall, the significant risk factors for suicide attempts included being female, living in an urban area, having experienced sexual, emotional, and physical abuse simultaneously, and having a chaotic chronotype. Those who suffered sexual, emotional, and physical abuse at the same time were divided into the High-risk for childhood abuse class, and were significantly more likely to experience suicide attempts than those in the Neglect class ( OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.34–2.89, p < 0.001) and the Low-risk for childhood trauma class ( OR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.50-3.46, p < 0.001). Three latent classes were identified: the Low-risk for childhood trauma class, the Neglect class, and the High-risk for childhood abuse class. Hierarchical logistic regression models were run to investigate the effects of socio-demographic characteristics, chronotype, and childhood trauma class on suicide attempts. Latent class analysis was applied to identify the classes of childhood trauma within emerging adults who had severe depressive symptoms. In addition to measuring socio-demographic characteristics, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, the Single-Item Chronotyping, and a single item for suicide attempts were used to evaluate childhood trauma, chronotype, and suicide attempts, respectively. A total of 1,225 emerging adults (mean age = 19.6 ± 1.78) constructed the final sample. ![]() This study was conducted among emerging adults with severe depressive symptoms covering 63 Universities in Jilin Province, China. Thus, this study using Latent class analysis aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma class, chronotype, and suicide attempts among emerging adults with severe depressive symptoms. Studies have investigated how adults with severe depressive symptoms are more likely to attempt suicide, and these adults often have traumatic experiences and chaotic sleep/wake rhythms.
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